Mirzoyan Discusses Possibility of Joining the Arms Trade Treaty

Ararat Mirzoyan, the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Armenia, delivered a speech at the high-level segment of the Disarmament Conference.

“I am pleased to participate in the Disarmament Conference as an observer state. As a unique platform, the Disarmament Conference plays a crucial role in strengthening international peace and security. Over the past four decades since its establishment, it has continued to hold significant, yet still underutilized potential in advancing global disarmament and security objectives.

In this context, the Republic of Armenia remains steadfast in its commitment to the obligations undertaken under the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, which is a key pillar of the international security architecture. At the same time, the peaceful use of nuclear energy has been and continues to be one of Armenia's policy priorities.

Armenia has chosen a transparent and open policy for the safe and peaceful use of nuclear energy, guided by the successful maintenance of high safety and security standards during the operation of the Armenian Nuclear Power Plant and with the ultimate goal of a smooth transition to new capacities by 2036. The country continues to pursue this policy by taking the necessary measures to strengthen and maintain nuclear safety and security.

Armenia has already initiated the preliminary processes for the selection and subsequent construction of a new nuclear power plant. Currently, we are thoroughly examining the characteristics of small modular reactors (SMRs).

The Republic of Armenia has consistently maintained a strong position that an effective regime for the control of conventional arms is indispensable for ensuring military and political stability at the international, regional, and sub-regional levels. We have consistently advocated for the full implementation of arms control agreements, coupled with the unconditional adherence to the guiding principles of that regime, as an essential prerequisite for the establishment of sustainable peace and security.

In this context, we are also considering the possibility of joining the Arms Trade Treaty. Armenia has consistently committed to the legally binding regime for the control of conventional arms in Europe. We have adhered to its provisions and faithfully fulfilled our obligations. However, contrary to our commitment, the reality has deviated from initial expectations. Due to the lack of effective control and enforcement, the regime has inadvertently allowed those with malicious intent to conceal their illegal actions. The consequences are well-known: the arms control regime failed to prevent the recurrence of the use of force, undermining the very foundations of stability that it was meant to protect.

Nevertheless, Armenia continues to remain committed to this idea and advocates for the strengthening of an effective and comprehensive arms control regime.

To enhance transparency and build trust in the South Caucasus, Armenia has submitted a written proposal to Azerbaijan for the establishment of mechanisms for reciprocal arms control and joint investigation of border incidents. This initiative is aimed at building mutual trust, reducing perceptions of threats, and reinforcing regional stability.

While waiting for a response to this constructive proposal, we continue to hope that dialogue and cooperation will prevail over hostility and distrust.

Recognizing the growing trend among states to develop and enhance military artificial intelligence capabilities, including the integration of AI in the support of autonomous functions and systems, the Republic of Armenia emphasizes that the application of AI in the military sphere must be appropriately regulated in accordance with existing international legal instruments, without excluding the possibility of future relevant legal regulations, thereby reducing the risk of irresponsible actors exploiting AI for unlawful purposes.

The Republic of Armenia reaffirms that international law, particularly international humanitarian law and international human rights law, is fully applicable to all types of weaponry, including systems that involve artificial intelligence and autonomous technologies. The military application of artificial intelligence must be ethical, responsible, and contribute to strengthening international security. Such applications must comply with all relevant international legal regulations.

Furthermore, in the framework of promoting the responsible use of military artificial intelligence, the Republic of Armenia places significant importance on the responsible and ethical transfer of military AI technologies. This means that leading states engaged in the development of advanced military AI technologies, including autonomous military systems, should refrain from such transfers if there is credible information that the recipient state has previously violated international law and international human rights law.

In conclusion, I would like to emphasize that ensuring peace and international security is a collaborative endeavor that serves the common interests of all and requires ongoing dedication and sincere resolve. Armenia remains committed to its pledge to continue seeking negotiated multilateral solutions, promoting dialogue, and strengthening international cooperation for the sake of peace and security.