Why Germany is Dependent on Russian Energy Supplies: Spiegel

Spiegel publication discussed why Germany is reliant on Russian energy supplies, specifically oil and gas. The outlet noted that back in the 1970s, many European countries turned to gas as they decided to abandon coal.
Moreover, the article's author pointed out the "historical mistake in development" and the "legacy of the GDR," referring to Germany's consistent utilization of energy resources from the USSR and later, Russia.
"Currently, more than 90% of domestic natural gas consumption is imported through pipelines, mainly from three countries: Russia, Norway, and the Netherlands. However, it is nearly impossible to increase supplies from Norway and the Netherlands," Spiegel stated.
The alternative would be liquefied natural gas, which can be delivered by tanker ships from producing countries like the United States, Qatar, or Australia. However, Germany still does not have its own liquefied natural gas terminal.